打工人是什么梗?

最近，不知道怎么的「打工人」这个词突然火了起来。

据说是这样的：

「社畜」显得惨无人道

「打工仔」显得低声下气

而「打工人」这个称呼

在平凡中透露着追求

在屈辱里努力表现出倔强

虽然没钱、仍然有着不卑不亢的礼节

因此，「打工人」这个词

迅速得到了各行各业的年轻人的认可

于是乎，各种「打工人」段子出现了。

只要我够努力，老板很快就能过上他想要的生活！该起床奋斗了！早安，打工人。

过安检的时候检测仪一直响，安检员让我把所有的东西都掏出来检查过了还是一直响，然后他问我干什么的，我说我打工的，他说好家伙，难怪检测出了钢铁般的意志！早安，打工人！ 

……

借（cèng）此（gè）机（rè）会（diǎn），我们来看看《福布斯》（Forbes）商业杂志这篇讲述疫情后「打工人」的工作环境变化的文章：The Further Away Your Workers, The Closer You Have To Be To Them。

无注释原文：

The Further Away Your Workers, The Closer You Have To Be To Them

Forbes

Distributed work, largely a result of the pandemic lockdown, is forcing many companies to rethink their relationship with their workforce. Currently, about 33% of US employees work entirely remotely, 25% through so-called hybrid arrangements, while about two-thirds of those currently working remotely want to continue to do so in the future.

The first companies to react to the pandemic with distributed work policies were technology-based, not only because of the greater suitability of their activities, but also because they generally have more sophisticated people management policies. These are often known for a wide range of perks that are an important part of the culture of these companies and, in many cases, fundamental to worker satisfaction and loyalty. However, many of these perks, such as canteens, snacks, social events or services of various types during working hours are linked to the physical location, which makes it difficult to maintain them when work is relocated.

When your employees are used to certain conditions, monitoring and maintaining their satisfaction levels can be difficult, and requires creativity. Some companies are now offering employees working remotely a range of benefits, from home-delivery meals, summer camps for children, laundry services, etc. that can make those employees continue to feel connected to a company with which they now lack daily physical contact.

The idea largely connects with the modern vision of worker relations, which tends to avoid the term “human resources”: the term, which originated at the beginning of the last century as a way of referring to what used to be “personnel departments”, has an undoubted materialist connotation that makes the worker “a resource”, and as such, is increasingly distant from the modern ideal of what a relationship between people should be, in the same way that terms such as “employee” carry utilitarian connotations that many companies try to avoid.

With the recent trend toward distributed work, the task for these departments is to become managers of individuals: fewer standard policies and more sensitivity, more information (without becoming “spies” or “snoops”), and more understanding of each employee’s personal circumstances. Understanding, as far as possible and from a position of absolute respect, how a person lives, the conditions under which they work remotely, whether they need a new computer or office equipment, whether they have children or dependents, special needs of some kind, etc. is becoming increasingly important, and above all, a contradiction: how is it possible that companies increasingly interested in knowing their potential customers and accumulating data on them, have no interest in their workers?

Companies must understand that distributed work, far from generating disassociation and undermining the corporate culture, can instead make workers feel that the company cares about them and their well-being by protecting them from potential infection, and that it is there to help with whatever they need, offering them a level of welfare in their new circumstances that is part of the contract. Beyond “virtual cafes” in an environment where there are too many meetings, we must think about how to recover those casual conversations that give managers some insight into their teams’ realities, and in some way, be sensitive to the fact that those realities, during difficult times, may require exceptional measures, but that must be considered normal.

Special circumstances can come in all shapes and sizes: from illness in the family, to dealing with children at home longer than usual, and the company must not only understand them, but try to provide solutions, especially in the context of a culture in which perks were perceived as an important part of the value proposition. Reinventing ourselves in the era of distributed work, ceasing to treat workers as mere “resources”, and approaching the relationship from the right leadership perspective will undoubtedly be one of the major challenges many companies will face in the future.

- ◆ -

注：中文文本为机器翻译仅供参考，并非一一对应

含注释全文：

The Further Away Your Workers, The Closer You Have To Be To Them

Forbes

Distributed work, largely a result of the pandemic lockdown, is forcing many companies to rethink their relationship with their workforce. Currently, about 33% of US employees work entirely remotely, 25% through so-called hybrid arrangements, while about two-thirds of those currently working remotely want to continue to do so in the future.

分散式工作，主要是疫情封锁的结果，正迫使许多公司重新思考他们与员工的关系。目前，约有33%的美国员工完全远程工作，25%的员工通过所谓的混合安排工作，而目前远程工作的员工中约有三分之二的人希望今后继续这样做。

distributed

表示“分布式的，分散式的”，英文解释为“If things are distributed throughout an area, object, or group, they exist throughout it.”举个🌰：

These cells are widely distributed throughout the body.

这些细胞遍布身体各处。

lockdown

疫情期间的文章中，超级高频的一个词，表示“（建筑或地区）因紧急情况而被封锁了；防范禁闭（期）；活动（或行动）限制”，英文解释为“a situation in which people are not allowed to enter or leave a building or area freely because of an emergency”举个🌰：

The Secret Service is imposing a virtual lockdown on the city.

特勤局实质上把整个城市都封锁了。

hybrid

表示“（两种完全不同的东西的）混合”，英文解释为“something that is a mixture of two very different things”举个🌰：

His work is an interesting hybrid of popular and classical music.

他的作品是经典与流行音乐有趣的混合。

The first companies to react to the pandemic with distributed work policies were technology-based, not only because of the greater suitability of their activities, but also because they generally have more sophisticated people management policies. These are often known for a wide range of perks that are an important part of the culture of these companies and, in many cases, fundamental to worker satisfaction and loyalty. However, many of these perks, such as canteens, snacks, social events or services of various types during working hours are linked to the physical location, which makes it difficult to maintain them when work is relocated.

最早以分散式工作政策应对疫情的公司是以技术为基础的公司，这不仅是因为其活动的适用性较强，而且还因为它们一般都有较为完善的人员管理政策。这些公司往往以各种福利著称，这些福利是这些公司文化的重要组成部分，在很多情况下，是工人满意度和忠诚度的根本。然而，这些福利，如食堂、零食、社交活动或工作时间内的各类服务等，很多都是与实际工作地点挂钩的，因此当工作地点搬迁时，很难维持这些福利。

sophisticated

sophisticated /səˈfɪstɪˌkeɪtɪd/ 1）表示“老练的；久经世故的”，英文解释为“Someone who is sophisticated is comfortable in social situations and knows about culture, fashion, and other matters that are considered socially important.”举个🌰：

He was a charming, sophisticated companion. 

他是个有魅力、见多识广的伙伴。

2）表示“干练的”，英文解释为“A sophisticated person is intelligent and knows a lot, so that they are able to understand complicated situations.”举个🌰：

These people are very sophisticated observers of the foreign policy scene.

这些人是外交政策领域干练的观察家。

3）表示“高级的；复杂的”，英文解释为“A sophisticated machine, device, or method is more advanced or complex than others.”举个🌰：

Honeybees use one of the most sophisticated communication systems of any insect.

蜜蜂所使用的交流系统是昆虫中最复杂的之一。

perk /pɜːk/

表示“（工资之外的）补贴，津贴，额外待遇”，英文解释为“something you receive as well as your wages for doing a particular job”举个🌰：

Perks offered by the firm include a car and free health insurance.

公司给予的额外待遇包括一辆汽车和免费健康保险。 

relocate

表示“（使）搬迁，迁移；重新安置”，英文解释为“to move or to move sb/sth to a new place to work or operate”举个🌰：

The firm may be forced to relocate from Hangzhou to Shanghai.

公司也许会被迫从杭州迁移到上海。

When your employees are used to certain conditions, monitoring and maintaining their satisfaction levels can be difficult, and requires creativity. Some companies are now offering employees working remotely a range of benefits, from home-delivery meals, summer camps for children, laundry services, etc. that can make those employees continue to feel connected to a company with which they now lack daily physical contact.

当你的员工已经习惯了某些条件时，监督和维持他们的满意程度是很困难的，需要创造性的工作。现在一些公司为远程工作的员工提供了一系列的福利，从送餐上门、儿童夏令营、洗衣服务等，可以使这些员工继续感受到与如今日常缺乏实际接触的公司的联系。

The idea largely connects with the modern vision of worker relations, which tends to avoid the term “human resources”: the term, which originated at the beginning of the last century as a way of referring to what used to be “personnel departments”, has an undoubted materialist connotation that makes the worker “a resource”, and as such, is increasingly distant from the modern ideal of what a relationship between people should be, in the same way that terms such as “employee” carry utilitarian connotations that many companies try to avoid.

这种观念在很大程度上与现代员工关系观相联系，现代员工关系观倾向于回避“人力资源”（human resources）一词。“人力资源”一词起源于上世纪初，是指过去的“人事部门”，它无疑具有唯物主义的内涵，使员工成为“一种资源”，因此，它与现代人与人之间的关系应该是什么的理想越来越远，就像“雇员”等术语带有功利主义的内涵一样，许多公司都在努力避免。

originate

表示“始创；起源”，英文解释为“When something originates or when someone originates it, it begins to happen or exist.”举个🌰：

The disease originated in Africa. 

这种疾病起源于非洲。

materialist

materialist /məˈtɪərɪəˌlɪst/ 表示“唯物主义者”，英文解释为“Materialist is used to describe things relating to the philosophy of materialism.”如：the materialist view of nature and society 唯物主义的自然观和社会观。

connotation

表示“内涵意义；含义；隐含意义”，英文解释为“The connotations of a particular word or name are the ideas or qualities which it makes you think of.”举个🌰：

It's just one of those words that's got so many negative connotations.

它只是那些有很多负面内涵意义的词之一。

utilitarian /juːˌtɪlɪˈtɛərɪən/

1）表示“功利主义者”，英文解释为“A utilitarian is someone with utilitarian views.”举个🌰：

One of the greatest utilitarians was Claude Helvetius.

最伟大的功利主义者之一是克劳德·爱尔维修。

2）表示“（物体、建筑等）实用的”，英文解释为“Utilitarian objects and buildings are designed to be useful rather than attractive.”举个🌰：

His office is utilitarian and unglamorous. 

他的办公室实用而素淡。

3）表示“功利主义的”，英文解释为“Utilitarian means based on the idea that the morally correct course of action is the one that produces benefit for the greatest number of people.”举个🌰：

It was Tom who was the best publicist for utilitarian ideas.

汤姆才是功利主义思想的最佳宣传家。

With the recent trend toward distributed work, the task for these departments is to become managers of individuals: fewer standard policies and more sensitivity, more information (without becoming “spies” or “snoops”), and more understanding of each employee’s personal circumstances. Understanding, as far as possible and from a position of absolute respect, how a person lives, the conditions under which they work remotely, whether they need a new computer or office equipment, whether they have children or dependents, special needs of some kind, etc. is becoming increasingly important, and above all, a contradiction: how is it possible that companies increasingly interested in knowing their potential customers and accumulating data on them, have no interest in their workers?

在最近分散式工作的趋势下，这些部门的任务就是成为每个人的管理者：少一些标准政策，多一些体谅，多一些资讯（不成为“间谍”或“窥探者”的前提下），多一些对每个员工个人情况的理解。从绝对尊重的立场出发，尽可能地了解一个人的生活方式、远程工作的条件、是否需要一台新的电脑或办公设备、是否有子女或家属、某种特殊需求等等，这一点越来越重要，最重要的是，这是一个矛盾点：企业越来越想了解自己的潜在客户，积累他们的数据，怎么可能对自己的员工没有兴趣？

sensitivity

除了解释为“敏感”，表示“善解人意；体贴；体谅”，英文解释为“an ability to understand what other people need, and be helpful and kind to them”。

spy

表示“间谍”，英文解释为“A spy is a person whose job is to find out secret information about another country or organization.”举个🌰：

He was jailed for five years as an alleged spy.

他被指控为间谍而被监禁了5年。

snoop /snuːp/

1）作动词，表示“窥探”，英文解释为“If someone snoops around a place, they secretly look around it in order to find out things.”举个🌰：

He was the one she'd seen snooping around Kim's hotel room.

他就是她曾见过的在金的旅馆房间里到处窥探的那个人。

2）snooper 作名词，表示人，“窥探者”，举个🌰：

Even if the information is intercepted by a snooper, it is impossible for them to decipher it.

即使信息被窥探者截获，他们也不可能将其破译。

contradiction

contradiction /ˌkɒntrəˈdɪkʃən/表示“（事实、看法、行动等的）不一致，矛盾，对立”，英文解释为“If you describe an aspect of a situation as a contradiction, you mean that it is completely different from other aspects, and so makes the situation confused or difficult to understand.”举个🌰：

There is a contradiction between the two sets of figures.

这两组数据相互矛盾。

Companies must understand that distributed work, far from generating disassociation and undermining the corporate culture, can instead make workers feel that the company cares about them and their well-being by protecting them from potential infection, and that it is there to help with whatever they need, offering them a level of welfare in their new circumstances that is part of the contract. Beyond “virtual cafes” in an environment where there are too many meetings, we must think about how to recover those casual conversations that give managers some insight into their teams’ realities, and in some way, be sensitive to the fact that those realities, during difficult times, may require exceptional measures, but that must be considered normal.

公司必须明白，分散式工作远不会产生隔阂，也不会破坏企业文化，反而可以让员工感到公司关心他们，关心他们的福祉，保护他们免受潜在的感染，公司会帮助解决他们的任何需求，在新的环境中为他们提供一定程度的福利，这是合同中的一部分。除了在会议过多的“虚拟咖啡馆”之外，我们必须思考如何恢复那些轻松的对话，让管理者对团队的实际情况有一定的了解，并在某种程度上，敏感地意识到，在困难时期，这些实际情况可能需要采取特殊措施，但必须被视为正常的。

disassociation

disassociation等于dissociation，表示“分离，分裂”，英文解释为“the act of dissociating or the state of being dissociated”。

undermine

1）表示“逐渐削弱；逐渐动摇”，英文解释为“If you undermine something such as a feeling or a system, you make it less strong or less secure than it was before, often by a gradual process or by repeated efforts.”举个🌰：

Offering advice on each and every problem will undermine her feeling of being adult.

每个问题都为她提出忠告会逐渐削弱她的成年意识。

2）表示“（通常以间接方式）动摇（某人的地位或权威）”，英文解释为“If you undermine someone or undermine their position or authority, you make their authority or position less secure, often by indirect methods.”举个🌰：

She undermined him and destroyed his confidence in his own talent.

她动摇了他的地位，摧毁了他对自己才能的信心。

Special circumstances can come in all shapes and sizes: from illness in the family, to dealing with children at home longer than usual, and the company must not only understand them, but try to provide solutions, especially in the context of a culture in which perks were perceived as an important part of the value proposition. Reinventing ourselves in the era of distributed work, ceasing to treat workers as mere “resources”, and approaching the relationship from the right leadership perspective will undoubtedly be one of the major challenges many companies will face in the future.

特殊情况可能会以各种形式出现：从家中生病，到比平时更长的时间在家处理孩子的问题，公司不仅要理解这些情况，还要努力提供解决办法，尤其是在福利被视为价值主张重要组成部分的文化背景下。在分散式工作时代重塑自己，不再把员工仅仅当作“资源”，从正确的领导力角度来处理这种关系，无疑将是许多公司未来面临的重大挑战之一。

all shapes and sizes

表示“各种各样”，英文解释为“many different types”举个🌰：

We sell all shapes and sizes of cars.

我们出售各种不同的型号的汽车。

谢谢你看到这里呀

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过安检的时候检测仪一直响，安检员让我把所有的东西都掏出来检查过了还是一直响，然后他问我干什么的，我说，我学英语的，他说好家伙，难怪检测出了钢铁般的意志！周末愉快，学英语的你。

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